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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">hostapd_dhcpd

            
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        <h4 id="网卡选择"><a href="#网卡选择" class="headerlink" title="网卡选择"></a>网卡选择</h4><p>不同于windows上，大部分的网卡都支持软AP ，linux下的网卡需要支持mode master的才可以做软AP 。具体识别方法如下</p>
<p>1、iwconfig识别</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">iwconfig wlxec888fbd5d61 mode master</span><br><span class="line">Error for wireless request &quot;Set Mode&quot; (8B06) :</span><br><span class="line">    SET failed on device wlxec888fbd5d61 ; Invalid argument.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>2、iw识别</p>
<p>上面的操作失败，证明不支持。再进行进一步的验证，有些新的网卡用的是mac80211 framework，对于这些网卡的话，用iwconfig来测试它是否支持master模式是行不通的。</p>
<p>因为他们是使用新的 nl80211接口在用户空间通信的。再使用iw命令进行测试：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@localhost ~]$ sudo  iw list</span><br><span class="line">........略........................</span><br><span class="line">	Supported interface modes:</span><br><span class="line">		 * IBSS</span><br><span class="line">		 * managed</span><br><span class="line">		 * AP</span><br><span class="line">		 * AP/VLAN</span><br><span class="line">		 * monitor</span><br><span class="line">		 * mesh point</span><br><span class="line">		 * P2P-client</span><br><span class="line">		 * P2P-GO</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>如果「Supported interface modes」中有「AP」的话，那么恭喜你，你的无线网卡可以架设虚拟AP 。如果没有则不支持。</p>
<p>3、驱动识别</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">root@XuQi:~/proj/Private# ethtool -i wlxec888fbd5d61</span><br><span class="line">driver: rtl8192cu</span><br><span class="line">version: 4.15.0-60-generic</span><br><span class="line">firmware-version: N/A</span><br><span class="line">expansion-rom-version: </span><br><span class="line">bus-info: 2-6:1.0</span><br><span class="line">supports-statistics: yes</span><br><span class="line">supports-test: no</span><br><span class="line">supports-eeprom-access: no</span><br><span class="line">supports-register-dump: no</span><br><span class="line">supports-priv-flags: no</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>例如上面的示例中使用的驱动为rtl8192cu，通过<a href="http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers</a> AP模式支持的驱动列表里的查找AP项为yes，证明其支持。</p>
<p><img src="/2019/09/20/hostapd_dhcpd/1568948144309.png" alt="1568948144309"></p>
<p>即然如此，如何在未购买网卡前选择一款一定支持的网卡呢？wireless.kernel.org也给我们提供了一个方法 ，通过<a href="http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Devices" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Devices</a>  硬件列表<br>（该页按pci、usb、pcmcia接口类型做了区分，点开相应的类型即可查看具体的硬件）。当然，这个表里列出的并不完全，也并不能保证是最适合做软AP的硬件 。是否识合请参查看上面的三个方法。</p>
<h4 id="编译hostapd"><a href="#编译hostapd" class="headerlink" title="编译hostapd"></a>编译hostapd</h4><h5 id="编译依赖libnl-3-2-25"><a href="#编译依赖libnl-3-2-25" class="headerlink" title="编译依赖libnl-3.2.25"></a>编译依赖libnl-3.2.25</h5><p><a href="http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/libnl/2014-July/001549.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/libnl/2014-July/001549.html</a></p>
<p>下载：<a href="http://www.infradead.org/~tgr/libnl/files/libnl-3.2.25.tar.gz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.infradead.org/~tgr/libnl/files/libnl-3.2.25.tar.gz</a></p>
<h5 id="编译依赖openssl"><a href="#编译依赖openssl" class="headerlink" title="编译依赖openssl"></a>编译依赖openssl</h5><p><a href="https://www.openssl.org/source/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.openssl.org/source/</a></p>
<p>下载：<a href="https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2t.tar.gz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2t.tar.gz</a></p>
<h5 id="编译hostapd-1"><a href="#编译hostapd-1" class="headerlink" title="编译hostapd"></a>编译hostapd</h5><p><a href="http://w1.fi/hostapd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://w1.fi/hostapd/</a></p>
<p>下载：<a href="http://w1.fi/releases/hostapd-2.9.tar.gz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://w1.fi/releases/hostapd-2.9.tar.gz</a></p>
<h5 id="hostapd-rtl871xdrv补丁"><a href="#hostapd-rtl871xdrv补丁" class="headerlink" title="hostapd-rtl871xdrv补丁"></a>hostapd<em>-rtl871xdrv补丁</em></h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">git clone http://www.github.com/pritambaral/hostapd-rtl871xdrv</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Configuration file: hostapd.conf</span><br><span class="line">drv-&gt;ifindex=4</span><br><span class="line">l2_sock_recv==l2_sock_xmit=0x0x1130410</span><br><span class="line">ioctl[SIOCSIWMODE]: Invalid argument</span><br><span class="line">Could not set interface to mode(3)!</span><br><span class="line">Could not set interface to master mode!</span><br><span class="line">rtl871xdrv driver initialization failed.</span><br><span class="line">wlxec888fbd5d61: interface state UNINITIALIZED-&gt;DISABLED</span><br><span class="line">wlxec888fbd5d61: AP-DISABLED </span><br><span class="line">wlxec888fbd5d61: CTRL-EVENT-TERMINATING </span><br><span class="line">hostapd_free_hapd_data: Interface wlxec888fbd5d61 wasn&apos;t started</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><em>这个问题的出现是由于你的kernel内核没有配置对wifi的master模式的支持（即对AP热点的支持），解决这个问题的办法就是用make menuconfig打开图形界面，然后选择IEEE 802.11 for Host AP (Prism2/2.5/3 and WEP/TKIP/CCMP)这个选项；这个选择的地址可以参考WG217 wifi模块RTL8811CU的移植（linux）这篇博客里面的第三部分:RTL8821CU驱动所需的支持中的第2小点：master的选项所在位置有详细的讲解。</em><br><em>原文链接：<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44362642/article/details/88891384" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44362642/article/details/88891384</a></em></p>
<h4 id="编译wpa-supplicant"><a href="#编译wpa-supplicant" class="headerlink" title="编译wpa_supplicant"></a><em>编译wpa_supplicant</em></h4><p><em><a href="http://w1.fi/releases/wpa_supplicant-2.9.tar.gz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://w1.fi/releases/wpa_supplicant-2.9.tar.gz</a></em></p>
<p><em>添加</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">CFLAGS +=  -I/home/xuqi/hostadp/build/include/libnl3</span><br><span class="line">LIBS += -L/home/xuqi/hostadp/build/lib</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">CFLAGS += -I/home/xuqi/hostadp/build/include/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><em>编译错误，注释DBUS</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># Add support for new DBus control interface</span><br><span class="line"># (fi.w1.hostap.wpa_supplicant1)</span><br><span class="line">#CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE_DBUS_NEW=y</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"># Add introspection support for new DBus control interface</span><br><span class="line">#CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE_DBUS_INTRO=y</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="启动"><a href="#启动" class="headerlink" title="启动:"></a><em>启动:</em></h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo ./wpa_supplicant -i wlxec888fbd5d61 -c ./wpa_supplicant.conf -B</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="扫描："><a href="#扫描：" class="headerlink" title="扫描："></a><em>扫描：</em></h5><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61  scan</span><br><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61  scan_result</span><br><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 add_network</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="连接："><a href="#连接：" class="headerlink" title="连接："></a><em>连接：</em></h5><p><em>如果要连接加密方式是<code>[WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][ESS]</code> (<code>wpa</code>加密)，<code>wifi</code>名称是<code>name</code>，<code>wifi</code>密码是：<code>psk</code>。</em></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 set_network 0 ssid &apos;&quot;dev-xu&quot;&apos;</span><br><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 set_network 0 psk &apos;&quot;xuqi9999&quot;&apos;</span><br><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 enable_network 0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="保存连接："><a href="#保存连接：" class="headerlink" title="保存连接："></a><em>保存连接：</em></h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 save_config</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="断开连接："><a href="#断开连接：" class="headerlink" title="断开连接："></a><em>断开连接：</em></h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo wpa_cli -i wlxec888fbd5d61 disable_network 0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h5 id="分配IP"><a href="#分配IP" class="headerlink" title="分配IP:"></a><em>分配IP:</em></h5><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">udhcpc -i wlxec888fbd5d61 -s /etc/udhcpc.script -q</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="Soft-blocking"><a href="#Soft-blocking" class="headerlink" title="Soft-blocking"></a><em>Soft-blocking</em></h3><p><em>输出到<code>sudo rfkill list</code>显示您的网卡是”soft-blocked”。</em></p>
<p><em>当无线卡通过内核发信号通知switch-off时，可能会发生这种情况。</em></p>
<p><em>请尝试以下步骤：</em></p>
<ol>
<li><em>在终端中运行：<code>sudo rfkill unblock wifi; sudo rfkill unblock all</code></em></li>
<li><em>重新运行<code>sudo rfkill list</code>以确认该卡已被解除阻止。</em></li>
<li><em>重启</em></li>
<li><em>再次重新运行<code>sudo rfkill list</code>以确认已保留的解除阻塞。</em></li>
<li><em>重新运行<code>sudo lshw -class network</code> – 您现在应该看到内核已识别(或不识别)无线卡。</em></li>
</ol>
<p><em>如果已识别无线内核模块(不应该说”unclaimed”)，则网络管理器现在应该能够看到您的空闲区域中可用的无线网络。</em></p>

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